The mortise is a hole and the tenon is a “tongue” that fits into the hole. Mortise and Tenon JointĪ Mortise and Tenon joint are one of the stronger types of wood joints and have been used for many different types of wood projects and even larger construction projects such as barns and sheds. You then glue together the biscuits into the slots with the adjoining piece of wood. To make biscuit joints, the plate joiner is used to create slots where the biscuits will fit inside. One disadvantage to making biscuit joints is they typically require a specific tool called a biscuit plate joiner. Biscuit Jointsīiscuit joints are similar to dowel joints, except instead of dowels one uses “biscuits” which are small, flat oval shaped pieces of wood.īiscuit joints are not typically as strong as dowel joints, but most hardwood stores do carry the wood biscuits in stock. The more dowels = more strength, so consider the application for what you are using the dowel joint for. Edge-to-Edge Dowel JointĪn edge to edge dowel joint is constructed very much like a square ended dowel joint, except in this case you are joining two pieces of wood side by side instead of perpendicularly at a 90 degree angle.ĭepending on the length of your project and desired strength, you can insert dowels every 6, 9 or 12 inches apart. The advantage to this method is it can be simpler to make than box joints or dovetail joints and doesn’t require any specialized tools – just a drill! 6. For longer pieces of wood, you may want to use 3 or 4 dowels. Be sure they are at least a minimum of ¼ inch from both edges of the rail. In most cases, two dowels per joint are sufficient. Insert the dowels with some wood glue in one piece of wood, and then add glue and attach the second piece of wood so the dowels slide in the holes you drilled. To make the dowel frame joint, drill two holes that match up with each other in 2 pieces of wood. Most hardwood stores sell packages of pre-cut wood dowels specifically for wood joinery that you can use. Note that fluted or spiral cut dowels are best as this gives additional “grip” compared to smooth dowels. Many furniture builders use dowel frame joints for a variety of different applications – from chairs to dresser drawers and more. Right Angle Dowel Frame Jointsĭowel frame joints can be a lot stronger than you might think. Tongue and groove router bits come in a wide variety of different sizes so make sure you order the right size that will fit your project. Cut the tongue first, then change the bit and make the matching groove. One bit is used to shape the tongue on one piece of wood and the one is used to make the groove. To cut a tongue-and-groove joint by hand, it is usually necessary to have tongue and groove router bits. Tongue and Groove joints are much more stronger and can typically be seen in applications such as flooring. Tongue-and Groove JointĪ tongue and groove wood joint is often used instead of edge to edge butt joints and it easily allows for one piece of wood to slide into another. To fasten the two pieces together, add glue and clamp until the glue dries. To make a mitered butt joint, cut the edge of the wood at a 45 degree angle. While mitered butt joints typically look the neatest, they are not always the strongest or most durable – so this type of joint is usually reserved for light duty projects such as photo frames. Mitered Butt Joints are used to make a neat right-angle corner without any visible wood grain. If the two pieces of wood you are joining together are more than 12 inches long, it is typically necessary to instead use an edge to edge dowel joint or biscuit joint – which we cover in more detail later in this post. This type of joint is not very strong and difficult to reinforce with metal fasteners. This is typically done to make a panel of wood from multiple pieces. Edge-to-Edge Butt JointĪn edge to edge butt joint is similar to a square-ended butt joint, except pieces of wood are laid side by side on the edge. Since glue alone is typically not strong enough to make a sturdy butt join, it is usually necessary to hold the pieces together with fine nails, screws or other types of fasteners to make the joint stronger. In a square ended basic butt joint, one piece of wood butts up against another, most often perpendicularly at a right angle. This is the most simple and straight forward way of making 90 degree wood joints, but it is not always the strongest or the best choice for every project. There are many different wood joinery techniques you can use and in this post we’ll cover the 18 most common types of wood joints and how each is made, as well as some tips on how to choose the right wood joinery method for you! 1. Learning how to join two pieces of wood together is an essential woodworking skill.
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